大家好我是小豪，今天给大家带来的是pygame小游戏

Ps：其实还有好多值得研究拓展的小游戏，我已经压缩上传了，想要学习的可以直接点击下面链接下载：

pygame小游戏：超级玛丽、五子棋、2048、扫雷、贪吃蛇、俄罗斯方块…
主题，如何简单实现AI智能，内容在下面一点点

今天其实主要是来请教圈内大佬一个问题。。。
我发现这个五子棋人机对战里面的字体似乎出了问题，但能力有限，只好附上代码，求大佬指教，上图：
问题就如上图这样，程序可以运行，但是最终判定输赢的时候，字体无法显示，另外写右边信息的字体也是无法显示，
下面有这个五子棋的全代码，代码中我添加了很多注释。其中下图则是如何实现人机AI智能，（伪AI智能，哈哈）

供大家一起学习，上码：

"""五子棋之人机对战"""  import sys import random import pygame from pygame.locals import * import pygame.gfxdraw from collections import namedtuple  Chessman = namedtuple('Chessman', 'Name Value Color') Point = namedtuple('Point', 'X Y')  BLACK_CHESSMAN = Chessman('黑子', 1, (45, 45, 45)) WHITE_CHESSMAN = Chessman('白子', 2, (219, 219, 219))  offset = [(1, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, -1)]   class Checkerboard:     def __init__(self, line_points):         self._line_points = line_points         self._checkerboard = [[0] * line_points for _ in range(line_points)]      def _get_checkerboard(self):         return self._checkerboard      checkerboard = property(_get_checkerboard)      # 判断是否可落子     def can_drop(self, point):         return self._checkerboard[point.Y][point.X] == 0      def drop(self, chessman, point):         """         落子         :param chessman:         :param point:落子位置         :return:若该子落下之后即可获胜，则返回获胜方，否则返回 None         """         # 把黑棋/白棋落子的坐标打印出来         print(f'{chessman.Name} ({point.X}, {point.Y})')         self._checkerboard[point.Y][point.X] = chessman.Value          # 打印获胜方出来         if self._win(point):             print(f'{chessman.Name}获胜')             return chessman      # 判断是否赢了     def _win(self, point):         cur_value = self._checkerboard[point.Y][point.X]         for os in offset:             if self._get_count_on_direction(point, cur_value, os[0], os[1]):                 return True      # 判断是否赢了的代码，从这里往上看，代码都是正着写，反着看，写代码思路缺什么补什么，所以从这里开始看     # 声明一个函数，按方向数数，数满5个就获胜。     # 一个二维坐标上，判断上下、左右、两个45度直线，是否有五个相同的直连棋子，只要满足五颗子，则游戏结束:     def _get_count_on_direction(self, point, value, x_offset, y_offset):         count = 1         for step in range(1, 5):             x = point.X + step * x_offset             y = point.Y + step * y_offset             if 0 <= x < self._line_points and 0 <= y < self._line_points and self._checkerboard[y][x] == value:                 count += 1             else:                 break         for step in range(1, 5):             x = point.X - step * x_offset             y = point.Y - step * y_offset             if 0 <= x < self._line_points and 0 <= y < self._line_points and self._checkerboard[y][x] == value:                 count += 1             else:                 break          return count >= 5   SIZE = 30  # 棋盘每个点时间的间隔 Line_Points = 19  # 棋盘每行/每列点数 Outer_Width = 20  # 棋盘外宽度 Border_Width = 4  # 边框宽度 Inside_Width = 4  # 边框跟实际的棋盘之间的间隔 Border_Length = SIZE * (Line_Points - 1) + Inside_Width * 2 + Border_Width  # 边框线的长度 Start_X = Start_Y = Outer_Width + int(Border_Width / 2) + Inside_Width  # 网格线起点（左上角）坐标 SCREEN_HEIGHT = SIZE * (Line_Points - 1) + Outer_Width * 2 + Border_Width + Inside_Width * 2  # 游戏屏幕的高 SCREEN_WIDTH = SCREEN_HEIGHT + 200  # 游戏屏幕的宽  Stone_Radius = SIZE // 2 - 3  # 棋子半径 Stone_Radius2 = SIZE // 2 + 3 Checkerboard_Color = (0xE3, 0x92, 0x65)  # 棋盘颜色，0x是16进制表示哦 BLACK_COLOR = (0, 0, 0) WHITE_COLOR = (255, 255, 255) RED_COLOR = (200, 30, 30) BLUE_COLOR = (30, 30, 200)  RIGHT_INFO_POS_X = SCREEN_HEIGHT + Stone_Radius2 * 2 + 10   def print_text(screen, font, x, y, text, fcolor=(255, 255, 255)):     imgText = font.render(text, True, fcolor)     screen.blit(imgText, (x, y))   def main():     pygame.init()     screen = pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT))     pygame.display.set_caption('五子棋')      font1 = pygame.font.SysFont('SimHei', 32)  # 字体：黑体，32号     font2 = pygame.font.SysFont('SimHei', 72)  # 字体：黑体，72号     fwidth, fheight = font2.size('黑方获胜')      checkerboard = Checkerboard(Line_Points)     cur_runner = BLACK_CHESSMAN     winner = None     computer = AI(Line_Points, WHITE_CHESSMAN)      # 设置黑白双方初始连子为0     black_win_count = 0     white_win_count = 0      while True:         for event in pygame.event.get():             if event.type == QUIT:                 sys.exit()             elif event.type == KEYDOWN:                 if event.key == K_RETURN:                     if winner is not None:                         winner = None                         cur_runner = BLACK_CHESSMAN                         checkerboard = Checkerboard(Line_Points)                         computer = AI(Line_Points, WHITE_CHESSMAN)             elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:  # 检测鼠标落下                 if winner is None:  # 检测是否有一方胜出                     pressed_array = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()                     if pressed_array[0]:                         mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()                         click_point = _get_clickpoint(mouse_pos)                         if click_point is not None:  # 检测鼠标是否在棋盘内点击                             if checkerboard.can_drop(click_point):                                 winner = checkerboard.drop(cur_runner, click_point)                                 if winner is None:  # 再次判断是否有胜出                                     # 一个循环内检测两次，意思就是人出一次检测一下，电脑出一次检测一下。                                     cur_runner = _get_next(cur_runner)                                     computer.get_opponent_drop(click_point)                                     AI_point = computer.AI_drop()                                     winner = checkerboard.drop(cur_runner, AI_point)                                     if winner is not None:                                         white_win_count += 1                                     cur_runner = _get_next(cur_runner)                                 else:                                     black_win_count += 1                         else:                             print('超出棋盘区域')          # 画棋盘         _draw_checkerboard(screen)          # 画棋盘上已有的棋子         for i, row in enumerate(checkerboard.checkerboard):             for j, cell in enumerate(row):                 if cell == BLACK_CHESSMAN.Value:                     _draw_chessman(screen, Point(j, i), BLACK_CHESSMAN.Color)                 elif cell == WHITE_CHESSMAN.Value:                     _draw_chessman(screen, Point(j, i), WHITE_CHESSMAN.Color)          _draw_left_info(screen, font1, cur_runner, black_win_count, white_win_count)          if winner:             print_text(screen, font2, (SCREEN_WIDTH - fwidth) // 2, (SCREEN_HEIGHT - fheight) // 2, winner.Name + '获胜',                        RED_COLOR)          pygame.display.flip()   def _get_next(cur_runner):     if cur_runner == BLACK_CHESSMAN:         return WHITE_CHESSMAN     else:         return BLACK_CHESSMAN   # 画棋盘 def _draw_checkerboard(screen):     # 填充棋盘背景色     screen.fill(Checkerboard_Color)     # 画棋盘网格线外的边框     pygame.draw.rect(screen, BLACK_COLOR, (Outer_Width, Outer_Width, Border_Length, Border_Length), Border_Width)     # 画网格线     for i in range(Line_Points):         pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK_COLOR,                          (Start_Y, Start_Y + SIZE * i),                          (Start_Y + SIZE * (Line_Points - 1), Start_Y + SIZE * i),                          1)     for j in range(Line_Points):         pygame.draw.line(screen, BLACK_COLOR,                          (Start_X + SIZE * j, Start_X),                          (Start_X + SIZE * j, Start_X + SIZE * (Line_Points - 1)),                          1)     # 画星位和天元     for i in (3, 9, 15):         for j in (3, 9, 15):             if i == j == 9:                 radius = 5             else:                 radius = 3             # pygame.draw.circle(screen, BLACK, (Start_X + SIZE * i, Start_Y + SIZE * j), radius)             pygame.gfxdraw.aacircle(screen, Start_X + SIZE * i, Start_Y + SIZE * j, radius, BLACK_COLOR)             pygame.gfxdraw.filled_circle(screen, Start_X + SIZE * i, Start_Y + SIZE * j, radius, BLACK_COLOR)   # 画棋子 def _draw_chessman(screen, point, stone_color):     # pygame.draw.circle(screen, stone_color, (Start_X + SIZE * point.X, Start_Y + SIZE * point.Y), Stone_Radius)     pygame.gfxdraw.aacircle(screen, Start_X + SIZE * point.X, Start_Y + SIZE * point.Y, Stone_Radius, stone_color)     pygame.gfxdraw.filled_circle(screen, Start_X + SIZE * point.X, Start_Y + SIZE * point.Y, Stone_Radius, stone_color)   # 画右侧信息显示 def _draw_left_info(screen, font, cur_runner, black_win_count, white_win_count):     _draw_chessman_pos(screen, (SCREEN_HEIGHT + Stone_Radius2, Start_X + Stone_Radius2), BLACK_CHESSMAN.Color)     _draw_chessman_pos(screen, (SCREEN_HEIGHT + Stone_Radius2, Start_X + Stone_Radius2 * 4), WHITE_CHESSMAN.Color)      print_text(screen, font, RIGHT_INFO_POS_X, Start_X + 3, '玩家', BLUE_COLOR)     print_text(screen, font, RIGHT_INFO_POS_X, Start_X + Stone_Radius2 * 3 + 3, '电脑', BLUE_COLOR)      print_text(screen, font, SCREEN_HEIGHT, SCREEN_HEIGHT - Stone_Radius2 * 8, '战况：', BLUE_COLOR)     _draw_chessman_pos(screen, (SCREEN_HEIGHT + Stone_Radius2, SCREEN_HEIGHT - int(Stone_Radius2 * 4.5)),                        BLACK_CHESSMAN.Color)     _draw_chessman_pos(screen, (SCREEN_HEIGHT + Stone_Radius2, SCREEN_HEIGHT - Stone_Radius2 * 2), WHITE_CHESSMAN.Color)     print_text(screen, font, RIGHT_INFO_POS_X, SCREEN_HEIGHT - int(Stone_Radius2 * 5.5) + 3, f'{black_win_count} 胜',                BLUE_COLOR)     print_text(screen, font, RIGHT_INFO_POS_X, SCREEN_HEIGHT - Stone_Radius2 * 3 + 3, f'{white_win_count} 胜',                BLUE_COLOR)   def _draw_chessman_pos(screen, pos, stone_color):     pygame.gfxdraw.aacircle(screen, pos[0], pos[1], Stone_Radius2, stone_color)     pygame.gfxdraw.filled_circle(screen, pos[0], pos[1], Stone_Radius2, stone_color)   # 根据鼠标点击位置，返回游戏区坐标 def _get_clickpoint(click_pos):     pos_x = click_pos[0] - Start_X     pos_y = click_pos[1] - Start_Y     if pos_x < -Inside_Width or pos_y < -Inside_Width:         return None     x = pos_x // SIZE     y = pos_y // SIZE     if pos_x % SIZE > Stone_Radius:         x += 1     if pos_y % SIZE > Stone_Radius:         y += 1     if x >= Line_Points or y >= Line_Points:         return None      return Point(x, y)   class AI:     def __init__(self, line_points, chessman):         self._line_points = line_points         self._my = chessman         self._opponent = BLACK_CHESSMAN if chessman == WHITE_CHESSMAN else WHITE_CHESSMAN         self._checkerboard = [[0] * line_points for _ in range(line_points)]      def get_opponent_drop(self, point):         self._checkerboard[point.Y][point.X] = self._opponent.Value      def AI_drop(self):         point = None         score = 0         for i in range(self._line_points):             for j in range(self._line_points):                 if self._checkerboard[j][i] == 0:                     _score = self._get_point_score(Point(i, j))                     if _score > score:                         score = _score                         point = Point(i, j)                     elif _score == score and _score > 0:                         r = random.randint(0, 100)                         if r % 2 == 0:                             point = Point(i, j)         self._checkerboard[point.Y][point.X] = self._my.Value         return point      def _get_point_score(self, point):         score = 0         for os in offset:             score += self._get_direction_score(point, os[0], os[1])         return score      def _get_direction_score(self, point, x_offset, y_offset):         count = 0  # 落子处我方连续子数         _count = 0  # 落子处对方连续子数         space = None  # 我方连续子中有无空格         _space = None  # 对方连续子中有无空格         both = 0  # 我方连续子两端有无阻挡         _both = 0  # 对方连续子两端有无阻挡          # 如果是 1 表示是边上是我方子，2 表示敌方子         flag = self._get_stone_color(point, x_offset, y_offset, True)         if flag != 0:             for step in range(1, 6):                 x = point.X + step * x_offset                 y = point.Y + step * y_offset                 if 0 <= x < self._line_points and 0 <= y < self._line_points:                     if flag == 1:                         if self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._my.Value:                             count += 1                             if space is False:                                 space = True                         elif self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._opponent.Value:                             _both += 1                             break                         else:                             if space is None:                                 space = False                             else:                                 break  # 遇到第二个空格退出                     elif flag == 2:                         if self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._my.Value:                             _both += 1                             break                         elif self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._opponent.Value:                             _count += 1                             if _space is False:                                 _space = True                         else:                             if _space is None:                                 _space = False                             else:                                 break                 else:                     # 遇到边也就是阻挡                     if flag == 1:                         both += 1                     elif flag == 2:                         _both += 1          if space is False:             space = None         if _space is False:             _space = None          _flag = self._get_stone_color(point, -x_offset, -y_offset, True)         if _flag != 0:             for step in range(1, 6):                 x = point.X - step * x_offset                 y = point.Y - step * y_offset                 if 0 <= x < self._line_points and 0 <= y < self._line_points:                     if _flag == 1:                         if self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._my.Value:                             count += 1                             if space is False:                                 space = True                         elif self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._opponent.Value:                             _both += 1                             break                         else:                             if space is None:                                 space = False                             else:                                 break  # 遇到第二个空格退出                     elif _flag == 2:                         if self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._my.Value:                             _both += 1                             break                         elif self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._opponent.Value:                             _count += 1                             if _space is False:                                 _space = True                         else:                             if _space is None:                                 _space = False                             else:                                 break                 else:                     # 遇到边也就是阻挡                     if _flag == 1:                         both += 1                     elif _flag == 2:                         _both += 1          # 下面这一串score（分数）的含义：评估棋格获胜分数。         # 使计算机计算获胜分值越高的棋格，就能确定能让自己的棋子最有可能达成联机的位置，也就是最佳进攻位置，         # 而一旦计算机能确定自己的最高分值的位置，计算机就具备了进攻能力。         # 同理，计算机能计算出玩家的最大分值位置，并抢先玩家获得该位置，这样计算机就具有了防御的能力。          # 在计算机下棋之前，会计算空白棋格上的获胜分数，根据分数高低获取最佳位置。         # 计算机会将棋子下在获胜分数最高的地方。         # 当已放置4颗棋子时，必须在第五个空棋格上设置绝对高的分值。也就是10000         # 当获胜组合上有部分位置已被对手的棋格占据而无法连成五子时，获胜组合上空棋格的获胜分数会直接设置为0。（四颗棋子，你把中间断了）         # 当有两组及其以上的获胜组合位置交叉时，对该位置的分数进行叠加，形成分数比周围位置明显高。（五子棋中三三相连）          score = 0         if count == 4:             score = 10000         elif _count == 4:             score = 9000         elif count == 3:             if both == 0:                 score = 1000             elif both == 1:                 score = 100             else:                 score = 0         elif _count == 3:             if _both == 0:                 score = 900             elif _both == 1:                 score = 90             else:                 score = 0         elif count == 2:             if both == 0:                 score = 100             elif both == 1:                 score = 10             else:                 score = 0         elif _count == 2:             if _both == 0:                 score = 90             elif _both == 1:                 score = 9             else:                 score = 0         elif count == 1:             score = 10         elif _count == 1:             score = 9         else:             score = 0          if space or _space:             score /= 2          return score      # 判断指定位置处在指定方向上是我方子、对方子、空     def _get_stone_color(self, point, x_offset, y_offset, next):         x = point.X + x_offset         y = point.Y + y_offset         if 0 <= x < self._line_points and 0 <= y < self._line_points:             if self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._my.Value:                 return 1             elif self._checkerboard[y][x] == self._opponent.Value:                 return 2             else:                 if next:                     return self._get_stone_color(Point(x, y), x_offset, y_offset, False)                 else:                     return 0         else:             return 0   if __name__ == '__main__':     main()  

好了，今天暂时到这里哦，晚上会正常给大家day4的内容，一起学习吧～

附上上面所有小游戏的原码出处：https://github.com/guliang21/pygame

今日份未完待续。。。