简化你的PythonSeleniumWebdriver代码:二次封装显式等待与元素定位weixin41597254的博客-

在不使用任何二次封装的情况下，很多时候必须写一行元素等待，再进行操作，并且代码看上去实在是很长。比如一个简单的登陆操作，得写这么一大堆:

from selenium import webdriver from time import sleep def loginWebsite():  driver.get('www.xxx.com')     driver.maximize_window()     username = 'username'     password = 'password'     sleep(3)     driver.find_element_by_id("dropdown-account").click()     sleep(3)     driver.find_element_by_id("login").send_keys(username)     driver.find_element_by_id("login").submit()     sleep(3)     driver.find_element_by_id("password").send_keys(password)     driver.find_element_by_id("password").submit() 

这还是直接有id定位+强制等待的情况下，同样的功能，如果我们只有css/xpath可以参考，并且使用隐式/显示等待，那代码就会更长更丑（虽然不难读懂）：

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By def login():  driver.get('www.xxx.com')     driver.implicitly_wait(10) try:      driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="secondary-block"]/div[1]/div/div/div[1]/label').click() except NoSuchElementException as e: print(e) #隐式等待10s     WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR,'#logoin-page > div > div > section > input'),message='')  driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#order-detail-page > div > div > section > p').send_keys(username)     driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#order-detail-page > div > div > section > p').submit()     WebDriverWait(driver,10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH,'//*[@id="secondary-block"]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]'),message='')     driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="secondary-block"]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]').send_keys(password)     driver.find_element_by_xpath('//*[@id="secondary-block"]/div[1]/div/div/div[2]').send_keys(submit) #显示等待10s #presence_of_element_located判断某个元素是否被加到了dom 树里 

不管使用哪种，都是等元素，找元素，操作元素。要写三句啊很麻烦有木有！下面直接上我的封装代码：

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By  class A: def __init__(self):         self.driver = webdriver.Chrome('D:/chromedriver.exe') def find(self,method,value,secs=20):         wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs) try: if method == 'id':                 wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, value)))#presence_of_element_located省略了message字段必须有两层括号                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(value) elif method == 'name':                 wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, value)))                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(value) elif method == 'class':                 wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, value)))                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value) elif method == 'linktext':                 wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, value)))                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(value) elif method == 'xpath':                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value)                 wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, value))) elif method == 'css':                 wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, value)))                 element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(value) else: print("语法错误") except BaseException as e: print(e) return element 

这样我再在这个class里写登陆function的时候，只需要：

 def login(self,username,password):         self.find('id','dropdown-account').click()         self.find('id','login').send_keys(username)         self.find('id','login').submit()         self.find('id','password').send_keys(password)         self.find('id','password').submit() 

简洁哭了有木有！！！