利用esp8266进行服务端与客户端之间的无线传输weixin44027407的博客-

ESP8266 是一款由乐鑫 Espressif 公司制作的低成本的 Wi-Fi 芯片，具有完整的 TCP / IP 协议栈和微控制器功能。它专为移动设备、可穿戴电子产品和物联网应用设计，功耗很低且价格非常低廉。
在这里，我使用的是Arduino IDE 搭建 ESP8266 开发环境，我这里使用的 NodeMcu 开发板即搭载了这款芯片。型号为ModeMcu Lua。
首先进行服务端控制客户端测试。
代码如下：

#include <ESP8266WiFi.h> #ifndef STASSID #define STASSID "liujiameng" #define STAPSK  "nyljh159nyljm" //局域网名称与密码 #endif const char* ssid = STASSID; const char* password = STAPSK; static const uint8_t x509[] PROGMEM = { 0x30, 0x82, 0x01, 0x3d, 0x30, 0x81, 0xe8, 0x02, 0x09, 0x00, 0xfe, 0x56, 0x46, 0xf2, 0x78, 0xc6, 0x51, 0x17, 0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x0b, 0x05, 0x00, 0x30, 0x26, 0x31, 0x10, 0x30, 0x0e, 0x06, 0x03, 0x55, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x07, 0x45, 0x53, 0x50, 0x38, 0x32, 0x36, 0x36, 0x31, 0x12, 0x30, 0x10, 0x06, 0x03, 0x55, 0x04, 0x03, 0x0c, 0x09, 0x31, 0x32, 0x37, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x31, 0x30, 0x1e, 0x17, 0x0d, 0x31, 0x37, 0x30, 0x33, 0x31, 0x38, 0x31, 0x34, 0x34, 0x39, 0x31, 0x38, 0x5a, 0x17, 0x0d, 0x33, 0x30, 0x31, 0x31, 0x32, 0x35, 0x31, 0x34, 0x34, 0x39, 0x31, 0x38, 0x5a, 0x30, 0x26, 0x31, 0x10, 0x30, 0x0e, 0x06, 0x03, 0x55, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x07, 0x45, 0x53, 0x50, 0x38, 0x32, 0x36, 0x36, 0x31, 0x12, 0x30, 0x10, 0x06, 0x03, 0x55, 0x04, 0x03, 0x0c, 0x09, 0x31, 0x32, 0x37, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x30, 0x2e, 0x31, 0x30, 0x5c, 0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x05, 0x00, 0x03, 0x4b, 0x00, 0x30, 0x48, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xc6, 0x72, 0x6c, 0x12, 0xe1, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x10, 0x0c, 0xf7, 0x3a, 0x2a, 0x5a, 0x49, 0xe2, 0x2d, 0xc9, 0x7a, 0x63, 0x1d, 0xef, 0xc6, 0xbb, 0xa3, 0xd6, 0x6f, 0x59, 0xcb, 0xd5, 0xf6, 0xbe, 0x34, 0x83, 0x33, 0x50, 0x80, 0xec, 0x49, 0x63, 0xbf, 0xee, 0x59, 0x94, 0x67, 0x8b, 0x8d, 0x81, 0x85, 0x23, 0x24, 0x06, 0x52, 0x76, 0x55, 0x9d, 0x18, 0x09, 0xb3, 0x3c, 0x10, 0x40, 0x05, 0x01, 0xf3, 0x02, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x30, 0x0d, 0x06, 0x09, 0x2a, 0x86, 0x48, 0x86, 0xf7, 0x0d, 0x01, 0x01, 0x0b, 0x05, 0x00, 0x03, 0x41, 0x00, 0x69, 0xdc, 0x6c, 0x9b, 0xa7, 0x62, 0x57, 0x7e, 0x03, 0x01, 0x45, 0xad, 0x9a, 0x83, 0x90, 0x3a, 0xe7, 0xdf, 0xe8, 0x8f, 0x46, 0x00, 0xd3, 0x5f, 0x2b, 0x0a, 0xde, 0x92, 0x1b, 0xc5, 0x04, 0xc5, 0xc0, 0x76, 0xf4, 0xf6, 0x08, 0x36, 0x97, 0x27, 0x82, 0xf1, 0x60, 0x76, 0xc2, 0xcd, 0x67, 0x6c, 0x4b, 0x6c, 0xca, 0xfd, 0x97, 0xfd, 0x33, 0x9e, 0x12, 0x67, 0x6b, 0x98, 0x7e, 0xd5, 0x80, 0x8f }; static const uint8_t rsakey[] PROGMEM = { 0x30, 0x82, 0x01, 0x3a, 0x02, 0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0x41, 0x00, 0xc6, 0x72, 0x6c, 0x12, 0xe1, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x10, 0x0c, 0xf7, 0x3a, 0x2a, 0x5a, 0x49, 0xe2, 0x2d, 0xc9, 0x7a, 0x63, 0x1d, 0xef, 0xc6, 0xbb, 0xa3, 0xd6, 0x6f, 0x59, 0xcb, 0xd5, 0xf6, 0xbe, 0x34, 0x83, 0x33, 0x50, 0x80, 0xec, 0x49, 0x63, 0xbf, 0xee, 0x59, 0x94, 0x67, 0x8b, 0x8d, 0x81, 0x85, 0x23, 0x24, 0x06, 0x52, 0x76, 0x55, 0x9d, 0x18, 0x09, 0xb3, 0x3c, 0x10, 0x40, 0x05, 0x01, 0xf3, 0x02, 0x03, 0x01, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x40, 0x35, 0x0b, 0x74, 0xd3, 0xff, 0x15, 0x51, 0x44, 0x0f, 0x13, 0x2e, 0x9b, 0x0f, 0x93, 0x5c, 0x3f, 0xfc, 0xf1, 0x17, 0xf9, 0x72, 0x94, 0x5e, 0xa7, 0xc6, 0xb3, 0xf0, 0xfe, 0xc9, 0x6c, 0xb1, 0x1e, 0x83, 0xb3, 0xc6, 0x45, 0x3a, 0x25, 0x60, 0x7c, 0x3d, 0x92, 0x7d, 0x53, 0xec, 0x49, 0x8d, 0xb5, 0x45, 0x10, 0x99, 0x9b, 0xc6, 0x22, 0x3a, 0x68, 0xc7, 0x13, 0x4e, 0xb6, 0x04, 0x61, 0x21, 0x01, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xea, 0x8c, 0x21, 0xd4, 0x7f, 0x3f, 0xb6, 0x91, 0xfa, 0xf8, 0xb9, 0x2d, 0xcb, 0x36, 0x36, 0x02, 0x5f, 0xf0, 0x0c, 0x6e, 0x87, 0xaa, 0x5c, 0x14, 0xf6, 0x56, 0x8e, 0x12, 0x92, 0x25, 0xde, 0xb3, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xd8, 0x99, 0x01, 0xf1, 0x04, 0x0b, 0x98, 0xa3, 0x71, 0x56, 0x1d, 0xea, 0x6f, 0x45, 0xd1, 0x36, 0x70, 0x76, 0x8b, 0xab, 0x69, 0x30, 0x58, 0x9c, 0xe0, 0x45, 0x97, 0xe7, 0xb6, 0xb5, 0xef, 0xc1, 0x02, 0x21, 0x00, 0xa2, 0x01, 0x06, 0xc0, 0xf2, 0xdf, 0xbc, 0x28, 0x1a, 0xb4, 0xbf, 0x9b, 0x5c, 0xd8, 0x65, 0xf7, 0xbf, 0xf2, 0x5b, 0x73, 0xe0, 0xeb, 0x0f, 0xcd, 0x3e, 0xd5, 0x4c, 0x2e, 0x91, 0x99, 0xec, 0xb7, 0x02, 0x20, 0x4b, 0x9d, 0x46, 0xd7, 0x3c, 0x01, 0x4c, 0x5d, 0x2a, 0xb0, 0xd4, 0xaa, 0xc6, 0x03, 0xca, 0xa0, 0xc5, 0xac, 0x2c, 0xe0, 0x3f, 0x4d, 0x98, 0x71, 0xd3, 0xbd, 0x97, 0xe5, 0x55, 0x9c, 0xb8, 0x41, 0x02, 0x20, 0x02, 0x42, 0x9f, 0xd1, 0x06, 0x35, 0x3b, 0x42, 0xf5, 0x64, 0xaf, 0x6d, 0xbf, 0xcd, 0x2c, 0x3a, 0xcd, 0x0a, 0x9a, 0x4d, 0x7c, 0xad, 0x29, 0xd6, 0x36, 0x57, 0xd5, 0xdf, 0x34, 0xeb, 0x26, 0x03 };  WiFiServerSecure server(443); void setup() {   Serial.begin(115200); //设置输出脚位 pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, 0); // 连接WiFi 网络   Serial.println();   Serial.println();   Serial.print("Connecting to ");   Serial.println(ssid);    WiFi.begin(ssid, password); while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { delay(500);     Serial.print("."); }   Serial.println("");   Serial.println("WiFi connected");    server.setServerKeyAndCert_P(rsakey, sizeof(rsakey), x509, sizeof(x509)); // 开启服务端   server.begin();   Serial.println("Server started"); // 输出ip地址   Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); } void loop() { //测试连接   WiFiClientSecure client = server.available(); if (!client) { return; }    Serial.println("new client"); unsigned long timeout = millis() + 3000; while (!client.available() && millis() < timeout) { delay(1); } if (millis() > timeout) {     Serial.println("timeout");     client.flush();     client.stop(); return; }    String req = client.readStringUntil('r');   Serial.println(req);   client.flush(); int val; if (req.indexOf("/gpio/0") != -1) {     val = 0; } else if (req.indexOf("/gpio/1") != -1) {     val = 1; } else {     Serial.println("invalid request");     client.print("HTTP/1.1 404 Not FoundrnContent-Type: text/htmlrnrn<!DOCTYPE HTML>rn<html><body>Not found</body></html>"); return; } // 控制亮灭 digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, val);    client.flush();   String s = "HTTP/1.1 200 OKrnContent-Type: text/htmlrnrn<!DOCTYPE HTML>rn<html>rnGPIO is now ";   s += (val) ? "high" : "low";   s += "</html>n";    client.print(s); delay(1);   Serial.println("Client disconnected"); } 

进行测试后结果为：
串口监视器：

服务端：


通过在网页输入https://server_ip/gpio/0使脚位变为低电位，即为暗，输入https://server_ip/gpio/1使脚位变为高电位，即为亮

传输信息：
传输信息主要是传感器获取到的信息传输回服务端，这里我们采用随机数模拟温度和湿度的值，并传输回服务端。每刷新一次页面，可获取一组全新的数据。
代码如下

#include "ESP8266WiFi.h" #include <aREST.h>   aREST rest = aREST(); const char* ssid = "abcde"; const char* password = "123456789"; #define LISTEN_PORT           80  WiFiServer server(LISTEN_PORT); // 定义要传输的信息 float temperature; float humidity; void setup(void) {     Serial.begin(115200);         rest.variable("temperature",&temperature);   rest.variable("humidity",&humidity);        rest.set_id("1");   rest.set_name("esp8266");      WiFi.begin(ssid, password); while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { delay(500);     Serial.print("."); }   Serial.println("");   Serial.println("WiFi connected");     server.begin();   Serial.println("Server started");      Serial.println(WiFi.localIP()); } void loop() { //模拟传输信息的随机值   humidity = random(100);   temperature = random(10,40);      WiFiClient client = server.available(); if (!client) { return; } while(!client.available()){ delay(1); }   rest.handle(client); } //可以被API获取的自定义函数 int ledControl(String command){ int state = command.toInt(); digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN,state); return 1; } 

操作结果：
服务端：

串口监视器：

利用python爬取页面上的数据，并存储在txt文件中，便于服务端读取：
代码：

from urllib.request import urlopen import re  a = str("https://192.168.0.105/") html = urlopen(a).read().decode('utf-8')  my_file = open('D:my file.txt','w') my_file.write(html) my_file.write('rn') my_file.close() while True:     html = urlopen(a).read().decode('utf-8')     my_file = open('D:my file.txt','a')     my_file.write(html)      my_file.write('rn')     my_file.close() 

运行结果：

心得体会：
通过这次项目，极大地锻炼了我的动手实践能力和自我学习能力。在本次项目中，我负责的主要是无线通信部分。在立项时查了下资料感觉很好，但实践操作却有诸多问题。比如，我最初想采用的无线通信方式时zigbee，但是实践中却发现zigbee在与arduino对接的时候存在诸多问题，比如对接性不好，成本高等等。从而导致我选择了与arduino板较易搭建的esp8266模块，即WiFi通信方式。而且，在实验中，单单看网上的学习资料是不行的，实验中会出现种种不同的问题，这些问题都需要你自己去探究，去克服，去找出问题所在，逐步调试使器件运转良好。这个探索的过程也给我带来了很大的收获，让我懂得了要解决一个问题的具体步骤与实现方法。