生日蛋糕-python实现qq35540187的博客-

前言

蛋糕的由来:
某天在b站上看到某up主，用ipad手绘了一个蛋糕，当时觉得还不错，于是就想自己也画一个蛋糕出来。但奈何画画技术不行，于是就想到利用刚学完的python来实现。下面我来展示我的代码:

import turtle as t import math as m import random as r   def drawX(a, i):     angle = m.radians(i) return a * m.cos(angle) def drawY(b, i):     angle = m.radians(i) return b * m.sin(angle) # 设置背景颜色，窗口位置以及大小 t.bgcolor("#d3dae8") t.setup(1000, 800) t.penup() t.goto(150, 0) t.pendown() # 1 t.pencolor("white") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(150, i)     y = drawY(60, i)     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#fef5f7") t.end_fill() # 2 t.begin_fill() for i in range(180):     x = drawX(150, -i)     y = drawY(70, -i)     t.goto(x, y) for i in range(180, 360):     x = drawX(150, i)     y = drawY(60, i)     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#f2d7dd") t.end_fill() # 3 t.pu() t.goto(120, 0) t.pd() t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(120, i)     y = drawY(48, i)     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#cbd9f9") t.end_fill() # 4 t.begin_fill() t.pencolor("#fee48c") for i in range(540):     x = drawX(120, i)     y = drawY(48, i) + 70     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-120, 0) t.fillcolor("#cbd9f9") t.end_fill() # 5 t.pu() t.goto(120, 70) t.pd() t.pencolor("#fff0f3") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(120, i)     y = drawY(48, i) + 70     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#fff0f3") t.end_fill() # 6 t.pu() t.goto(110, 70) t.pd() t.pencolor("#fff9fb") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(110, i)     y = drawY(44, i) + 70     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#fff9fb") t.end_fill() # 7 t.pu() t.goto(120, 0) t.pd() t.begin_fill() t.pencolor("#ffa79d") for i in range(180):     x = drawX(120, -i)     y = drawY(48, -i) + 10     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-120, 0) for i in range(180, 360):     x = drawX(120, i)     y = drawY(48, i)     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#ffa79d") t.end_fill() # 8 t.pu() t.goto(120, 70) t.pd() t.begin_fill() t.pensize(4) t.pencolor("#fff0f3") for i in range(1800):     x = drawX(120, 0.1 * i)     y = drawY(-18, i) + 10     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-120, 70) t.pensize(1) for i in range(180, 360):     x = drawX(120, i)     y = drawY(48, i) + 70     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#fff0f3") t.end_fill() # 9 t.pu() t.goto(80, 70) t.pd() t.begin_fill() t.pencolor("#6f3732") t.goto(80, 120) for i in range(180):     x = drawX(80, i)     y = drawY(32, i) + 120     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-80, 70) for i in range(180, 360):     x = drawX(80, i)     y = drawY(32, i) + 70     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#6f3732") t.end_fill() # 10 t.pu() t.goto(80, 120) t.pd() t.pencolor("#ffaaa0") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(80, i)     y = drawY(32, i) + 120     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#ffaaa0") t.end_fill() # 11 t.pu() t.goto(70, 120) t.pd() t.pencolor("#ffc3be") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(70, i)     y = drawY(28, i) + 120     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#ffc3be") t.end_fill() # 12 t.pu() t.goto(80, 120) t.pd() t.begin_fill() t.pensize(3) t.pencolor("#ffaaa0") for i in range(1800):     x = drawX(80, 0.1 * i)     y = drawY(-12, i) + 80     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-80, 120) t.pensize(1) for i in range(180, 360):     x = drawX(80, i)     y = drawY(32, i) + 120     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#ffaaa0") t.end_fill() # 13 t.pu() t.goto(64, 120) t.pd() t.pencolor("#b1c9e9") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) + 60     y = drawY(1, i) + 120     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(64, 170) for i in range(540):     x = drawX(4, i) + 60     y = drawY(1, i) + 170     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(56, 120) t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9") t.end_fill() t.pencolor("white") t.pensize(2) for i in range(1, 6):     t.goto(64, 120 + 10 * i)     t.pu()     t.goto(56, 120 + 10 * i)     t.pd() t.pu() t.goto(60, 170) t.pd() t.goto(60, 180) t.pensize(1) # t.pu() t.goto(64, 190) t.pd() t.pencolor("#f1add1") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) + 60     y = drawY(10, i) + 190     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#f1add1") t.end_fill() # 14 t.pu() t.goto(-56, 120) t.pd() t.pencolor("#b1c9e9") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) - 60     y = drawY(1, i) + 120     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-56, 170) for i in range(540):     x = drawX(4, i) - 60     y = drawY(1, i) + 170     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-64, 120) t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9") t.end_fill() t.pencolor("white") t.pensize(2) for i in range(1, 6):     t.goto(-56, 120 + 10 * i)     t.pu()     t.goto(-64, 120 + 10 * i)     t.pd() t.pu() t.goto(-60, 170) t.pd() t.goto(-60, 180) t.pensize(1) # t.pu() t.goto(-56, 190) t.pd() t.pencolor("#f1add1") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) - 60     y = drawY(10, i) + 190     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#f1add1") t.end_fill() # 15 t.pu() t.goto(0, 130) t.pd() t.pencolor("#b1c9e9") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i)     y = drawY(1, i) + 130     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(4, 180) for i in range(540):     x = drawX(4, i)     y = drawY(1, i) + 180     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-4, 130) t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9") t.end_fill() t.pencolor("white") t.pensize(2) for i in range(1, 6):     t.goto(4, 130 + 10 * i)     t.pu()     t.goto(-4, 130 + 10 * i)     t.pd() t.pu() t.goto(0, 180) t.pd() t.goto(0, 190) t.pensize(1) # t.pu() t.goto(4, 200) t.pd() t.pencolor("#f1add1") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i)     y = drawY(10, i) + 200     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#f1add1") t.end_fill() # 16 t.pu() t.goto(30, 110) t.pd() t.pencolor("#b1c9e9") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) + 30     y = drawY(1, i) + 110     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(34, 160) for i in range(540):     x = drawX(4, i) + 30     y = drawY(1, i) + 160     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(26, 110) t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9") t.end_fill() t.pencolor("white") t.pensize(2) for i in range(1, 6):     t.goto(34, 110 + 10 * i)     t.pu()     t.goto(26, 110 + 10 * i)     t.pd() t.pu() t.goto(30, 160) t.pd() t.goto(30, 170) t.pensize(1) # t.pu() t.goto(34, 180) t.pd() t.pencolor("#f1add1") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) + 30     y = drawY(10, i) + 180     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#f1add1") t.end_fill() # 17 t.pu() t.goto(-30, 110) t.pd() t.pencolor("#b1c9e9") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) - 30     y = drawY(1, i) + 110     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-26, 160) for i in range(540):     x = drawX(4, i) - 30     y = drawY(1, i) + 160     t.goto(x, y) t.goto(-34, 110) t.fillcolor("#b1c9e9") t.end_fill() t.pencolor("white") t.pensize(2) for i in range(1, 6):     t.goto(-26, 110 + 10 * i)     t.pu()     t.goto(-34, 110 + 10 * i)     t.pd() t.pu() t.goto(-30, 160) t.pd() t.goto(-30, 170) t.pensize(1) # t.pu() t.goto(-26, 180) t.pd() t.pencolor("#f1add1") t.begin_fill() for i in range(360):     x = drawX(4, i) - 30     y = drawY(10, i) + 180     t.goto(x, y) t.fillcolor("#f1add1") t.end_fill() ###随机 color = ["#e28cb9", "#805a8c", "#eaa989", "#6e90b7", "#b8b68f", "#e174b5", "#cf737c", "#7c8782"] for i in range(80):     t.pu()     x = r.randint(-120, 120)     y = r.randint(-25, 30)     t.goto(x, y)     t.pd()     t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)]) for i in range(40):     t.pu()     x = r.randint(-90, 90)     y = r.randint(-35, 10)     t.goto(x, y)     t.pd()     t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)]) for i in range(40):     t.pu()     x = r.randint(-80, 80)     y = r.randint(60, 90)     t.goto(x, y)     t.pd()     t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)]) for i in range(30):     t.pu()     x = r.randint(-50, 50)     y = r.randint(45, 70)     t.goto(x, y)     t.pd()     t.dot(r.randint(2, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)]) for i in range(50):     t.pu()     x = r.randint(-500, 500)     y = r.randint(120, 300)     t.goto(x, y)     t.pd()     t.dot(r.randint(3, 5), color[r.randint(0, 7)]) t.seth(90) t.pu() t.goto(0, 0) t.fd(210) t.left(90) t.fd(170) t.pd() t.write("Happy Birthday", font=("Curlz MT", 50)) t.done() 

效果图:

视频演示:

好像上传不了视频，所以就不演示了，有兴趣的话可以拿源码去跑一下

总结:

• 其实这里需要注意的是这份代码写的比较low，有许多重复的代码，没有用函数封装起来，一点都不优雅。希望大家可以在以后写代码的时候可以注意一下这一点。

• 这里比较难的点，就是任意曲线的绘制。对于这个问题，我一开始也想了很多办法，也去网上查了很多资料，但是关于这方面的资料好像比较少。当时我在知乎等一些文章上发现一些大佬用本轮法进行图像的绘制，好像是轮子的个数越多，画出来的图像就越精准，其原理就是利用了高等数学下册的傅里叶变换。那时看了许多这种类型的文章，但是由于我们还没有学习傅里叶变换，也就看了一个寂寞。

• 后来我在看turtle库时，发现了一个goto函数，也就是在画板上以正中心为原点，右边为x轴的正方向，上边为y轴的正方向。于是我就想到了用我们高中学过的参数方程来实现任意曲线的绘制。大家可以尝试着用一下参数方程来绘制自己想要的图形

最后我想说的是，数学真的很重要！！！